"The
goal which all the Vedas declare, which all austerities aim at, and
which men desire when they lead the life of continence … is AUM. This
syllable AUM is indeed Brahman. Whosoever knows this syllable obtains
all that he desires. This is the best support; this is the highest
support. Whosoever knows this support is adored in the world of Brahma."
~ Katha Upanishad (I)
Significance of AUM:
AUM or OM is of paramount importance in
Hinduism. This symbol is a sacred syllable representing Brahman, the
impersonal Absolute of Hinduism — omnipotent, omnipresent, and the
source of all manifest existence. Brahman, in itself, is
incomprehensible; so a symbol becomes mandatory to help us realize the
Unknowable. AUM, therefore, represents both the unmanifest (nirguna) and
the manifest (saguna) aspects of God. That is why it is called pranava,
to mean that it pervades life and runs through our prana or breath.
AUM in Daily Life:
Although AUM symbolizes the most
profound concepts of Hindu belief, it is in use daily. The Hindus begin
their day or any work or a journey by uttering AUM. The sacred symbol is
often found at the head of letters, at the beginning of examination
papers and so on. Many Hindus, as an expression of spiritual perfection,
wear the sign of AUM as a pendant. This symbol is enshrined on every
Hindu temple premise or in some form or another on family shrines.
It is interesting to note that a newly
born child is ushered into the world with this holy sign. After birth,
the child is ritually cleansed and the sacred syllable AUM is written on
its tongue with honey. Thus right at the time of birth the syllable AUM
is initiated into the life of a Hindu and ever remains with him as the
symbol of piety. AUM is also a popular symbol used in contemporary body
art and tattoos.
The Eternal Syllable: According to the
Mandukya Upanishad, "AUM is the one eternal syllable of which all that
exists is but the development. The past, the present, and the future are
all included in this one sound, and all that exists beyond the three
forms of time is also implied in it".
The Music of AUM:
AUM is not a word but rather an
intonation. It, like music, transcends the barriers of age, race,
culture and even species. It consists three Sanskrit letters, aa, au and
ma which, when combined together, make the sound AUM or OM. It is
believed to be the basic sound of the world and to contain all other
sounds. It is a mantra or prayer in itself. If repeated with the correct
intonation, it can resonate throughout the body so that the sound
penetrates to the centre of one's being, the atman or soul.
There is harmony, peace and bliss in
this simple but deeply philosophical sound. By vibrating the sacred
syllable AUM, the supreme combination of letters, if one thinks of the
Ultimate Personality of Godhead and quits his body, he will certainly
reach the highest state of "stateless" eternity, states the Bhagavad
Gita.
The Vision of AUM:
Om provides a dualistic viewpoint. On
one hand, it projects the mind beyond the immediate to what is abstract
and inexpressible. On the other hand, it makes the absolute more
tangible and comprehensive. It encompasses all potentialities and
possibilities; it is everything that was, is, or can yet be. It is
omnipotent and likewise remains undefined.
The Power of AUM:
During meditation, when we chant AUM, we
create within ourselves a vibration that attunes sympathy with the
cosmic vibration and we start thinking universally. The momentary
silence between each chant becomes palpable. Mind moves between the
opposites of sound and silence until, at last, it ceases the sound. In
the silence, the single thought—AUM—is quenched; there is no thought.
This is the state of trance, where the mind and the intellect transcend
as the individual self merges with the Infinite Self in the pious moment
of realization. It is a moment when the petty worldly affairs are lost
in the desire for the universal. Such is the immeasurable power of AUM.